The Australian Defence Human Research Ethics Committee (ADHREC) minutes reported by The Australian and The Sydney Morning Herald this morning provide further damning evidence of the extensive harm caused to Australian soldiers by the unethical drug trials conducted by the Army Malaria Institute (AMI) in Timor Leste in 2000-2002, and the ADF’s 15-year long attempted cover-up. During my recent testimony to the Senate inquiry I called for a judicial inquiry into the conduct of the AMI, ADHREC and other parties. This evidence reinforces the need for an urgent judicial inquiry into what appears to be extensive criminal misconduct on the part of numerous senior ADF officials over many years. Such an inquiry should include a full audit of the records of every subject involved in the trials and their subsequent medical histories. The AMI and its contemptuous treatment of Australian soldiers as human guinea pigs is a dark stain on the hard-earned reputation of the Australian Army. Those soldiers, their families and the public now deserve to be told the truth, and the perpetrators of these crimes must now be held fully accountable before the law.
ADHREC Minutes from 2001-2005
These are extracts from the heavily redacted ADHREC minutes from 2001-2005 in relation to the 2000-2002 AMI clinical trials of mefloquine and tafenoquine conducted in Timor Leste. The minutes were obtained by Paul Cleary from The Australian via a freedom of information request and are now publicly available. The committee repeatedly raised its concerns about the conduct of the trials, the serious neuropsychiatric side effects of mefloquine and tafenoquine, and called for AMI to convey information openly and honestly to those involved in order to avoid the perception of a cover-up. Unfortunately this so-called “scrutiny” was not pursued in any substantial way.
On 26 February 2001 ADHREC stated that “it became apparent that mefloquine had potentially serious side effects of which [it] had been previously unaware. In particular, CNS side effects of depression and psychosis caused considerable concern to the Committee, especially were they to occur in deployed troops.”
Extract of ADHREC Minutes, 26 February 2001
On 25 February 2002 ADHREC stated that “whilst the information [in one of the trial reports] was reassuring, it would be preferable to have all information conveyed openly and honestly to every member involved in current and previous Tafenoquine trials. This will markedly reduce the risk of a perceived cover up.”
Extract of ADHREC Minutes, 25 February 2002
On 12 August 2002 ADHREC stated that “The apparent high incidence of adverse events was of concern to the Committee. … the decision was made that AMI would only report on adverse events that were possibly drug related.”
Extract of ADHREC Minutes, 12 August 2002
On 25 November 2002 ADHREC stated that “There was still a deal of unease among the members with regard to this [research] Protocol. … there were other problems that the Committee felt needed to be addressed. These included … a concern that the protocol presented was different to the research being proposed …”
Extract of ADHREC Minutes, 25 November 2002
On 5 July 2004 ADHREC stated that “members requested that all researchers advise ADHREC of all serious adverse event reports.”
Extract of ADHREC Minutes, 5 July 2004
On 28 February 2005 ADHREC stated that “The [research protocol] modification details had not been clarified or presented from the last meeting.”
Extract of ADHREC Minutes, 28 February 2005
yes, i would like to know what i was on.
i was with 1 rar in 2000-2001 tour and im having alot of memory problems and depression
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Hi Lawrence. You can obtain that information by contacting Professor Dennis Shanks, the Director of the Army Malaria Institute. If he doesn’t give you the information you need, please go straight to the Australian Federal Police.
http://www.defence.gov.au/Health/Ami/default.asp
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Hi, I deployed to East Timor with INTERFET and part of the 3RAR Battle Group (Sept 99 to Mar 2000). I distinctively remember being briefed on the “Trial” of this breakthrough anti Malarial Drug on Aussie Soldiers. To the best of my knowledge, I was also on this drug. Following this on subsequent deployments to this area, I was on Doxy. For the record, following my initial deployment to East Timor in 99, I have had 3 major bouts of Malaria to which I was hospitalised. Upon blood tests being conducted, it was revealed that I had Vivax Malaria. I would like to know more if possible.
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Hi Jamie, thanks for your message. We suggest you contact both the ADF Surgeon General and AMI to confirm which drugs you were given.
http://www.directory.gov.au/directory?ea0_lf99_120.&organizationalUnit&35259b71-6835-4b35-9aa7-85b0b1e1668b
http://www.defence.gov.au/Health/Ami/
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I personally would like to know which units were a part of this trial.
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Hi Arthur. The three units involved in the Timor Leste tafenoquine and mefloquine trials in 2000-2002 were 1 RAR, 2 RAR and 4 RAR. The published trial reports are here:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19995933
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15720172
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Cavs as well don’t forget about them
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Cavs? Do you mean cavalry? By 1, 2 and 4 RAR we mean the entire battlegoups. There were personnel from many corps in each, not only infantry.
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Aurthur, you would be aware if you were a part of the trial as the trial drug wa not doxycycline
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Yes Mark, I was fully aware of that fact, however I have many friends who were posted to and within the units a d locations within EM.
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We went to Indonesia in 98 and we knew about the drug issues then. I think you will find the navy and RAAF are also affected and for a few years before this trial.
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Soldiers are not only being used as guineapigs they are also at risk from incompetent pharmacy staff. My hubby had a hernia repair done and was sent home with incorrectly labelled pain meds, needless to say he was rather sick from the amount of pain and being rushed back to hospital early morning because he was vomiting so hard busted some internal stiches. It was all hushed up as usual.
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Part of my unit were on mefloquine trials in 1989 in PNG. The people running the trial went to the area we operated in afterwards because 3 of our crew still got malaria. Apparently they were looking for the type of mosquito that carried the strain that was unaffected by the drug.
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Thanks Ricki. Are these the trials you’re talking about?
http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karl_Rieckmann/publication/14730504_Recent_military_experience_with_malaria_chemoprophylaxis/links/5479adc70cf205d1687fa80f.pdf
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My husband was in 2/4 in New Guinea in the late 80s. Apparently they were put on some trial Malaria drug and a whole lot of them contracted Malaria. To the point of being called the mosquito platoon.
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Hi LJ. Are these the trials you’re talking about?
http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karl_Rieckmann/publication/14730504_Recent_military_experience_with_malaria_chemoprophylaxis/links/5479adc70cf205d1687fa80f.pdf
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Was this used in Bougainville over 1998-2002?
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Hi Damien. Mefloquine may have been prescribed for some Bougainville veterans as it was the second-line anti-malarial after doxycycline, with ADF malaria policy stating that 5-10% of personnel don’t tolerate the latter. However the big concern for Bougainville veterans is that approximately 1,000 of them were used as subjects to trial a similar neurotoxic quinoline drug, tafenoquine. Tafenoquine was not and is not approved by the TGA and these trials were also unethical. The trials were conducted by Lieutenant Colonel Peter Nasveld, who was subsequently awarded a phd for his efforts.
http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/29749/
In 2009 researchers affiliated with the US Walter Reed Army Institute for Research (WRAIR) found that tafenoquine is “the only anti-malarial more neurotoxic than mefloquine.”
http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/23/1_MeetingAbstracts/529.3
https://muckrock.s3.amazonaws.com/foia_files/Research_Day_Poster.ppt
Bougainville veterans should immediately contact the Army Malaria Institute to ask for a copy of their file if they were involved in these trials.
http://www.defence.gov.au/Health/Ami/
If AMI doesn’t respond you should complain to the Australian Federal Police, because they have been destroying or tampering with evidence of their own crimes related to the Timor trials.
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Would there be any record on my medical file? I served in Bougainville during that period and am still serving.
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Hi Kim. Tafenoquine was trialled by the AMI on more than 1,000 ADF personnel in Bougainville. This drug has never been approved by the TGA, and in 2009 was found by WRAIR researchers to be “even more neurotoxic than mefloquine.” All of the tafenoquine trials conducted by the AMI’s Lieutenant Colonel (Dr) Peter Nasveld in Bougainville and Timor are incorporated into his PhD thesis here:
http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/29749/
If you were a subject in these trials the records are probably not included in your ADF medical file, however AMI keeps records on every clinical trial subject. You should contact them directly to obtain your file, which they are obliged to provide by law:
http://www.defence.gov.au/Health/Ami/
If you have difficulties with AMI, please contact the Australian Federal Police and the media, in order to prevent AMI continuing to destroy evidence of their own serious crimes.
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Is ivermectin in the same family of drugs? My husband was given this upon his return from Bougainville at the end of 1999.
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Hi Mrs Bell. No, Ivermectin is a different drug altogether, used to treat parasitic worms.
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Great thanks 😃 That’s a relief.
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You should probably check to see if he was a subject in Dr Nasveld’s tafenoquine trials, as per the earlier comment. Tafenoquine neurotoxicity is on par with mefloquine and has never been approved by the TGA.
http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/29749/
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He will be as soon as he is back at work. So if we do find that he was exposed, what then?
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Have a look at our research page and/or media page to see if his symptoms/experiences are similar to other affected veterans, then see a doctor. Mefloquine/tafenoquine toxicity has frequently been misdiagnosed as PTSD, personality disorders or other psychiatric or neurological disorders. Correct diagnosis is important because treatments for other disorders can be dangerous in a patient with an undiagnosed brain injury.
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Was the Navy involved in this as well
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You should check with Surgeon General ADF and if you don’t get straight answers, go to the media.
http://www.directory.gov.au/directory?ea0_lf99_120.&organizationalUnit&35259b71-6835-4b35-9aa7-85b0b1e1668b
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